Chii chinonzi Hydrogen Refueling Station?

Kunzwisisa Nzvimbo Dzekudira Hydrogen

Nzvimbo dzinonzi nzvimbo dzekuisa mafuta mumotokari dzemagetsi dzinoshandiswa nemaseru emafuta (HRS) dzinoshandiswa kuzadza mota dzemagetsi dzinoshandisa maseru emafuta nehydrogen. Nzvimbo idzi dzinoisa mafuta mumotokari dzinochengetedza hydrogen ine simba rakawanda uye dzinoshandisa ma nozzles nemapaipi akakosha kupa hydrogen kumotokari, zvichienzaniswa nenzvimbo dzekare dzekuisa mafuta. Sisitimu yekuisa mafuta mumotokari inova yakakosha pakuisa mafuta mumotokari dzinogadzira mhepo inodziya pamwe chete neutsi hwemvura, sezvo vanhu vachifambira mberi pakufambisa mafuta asina kabhoni yakawanda.

Chii chaunozadza mota yehydrogen nacho?

Gasi rehydrogen rakamanikidzwa zvakanyanya (H2), rinowanzo manikidzwa ne350 bar kana 700 bar pamotokari, rinoshandiswa pakuisa mafuta mumotokari dzehydrogen. Kuti richengetedze zvinobudirira kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya kwegasi, hydrogen inochengetwa mumatangi akasimbiswa necarbon-fiber.

Nzvimbo Dzekudira Hydrogen Dzinoshanda Sei?

Kuzadza mafuta mumota yakagadzirwa nehydrogen kunoda matanho akakosha akati wandei: 1. Kugadzirwa kweHydrogen: Kugadziriswa kwe steam methane (SMR), kushandisa magetsi kubva kuzvinhu zvinogona kushandiswazve, kana semhedzisiro yemaitiro ekugadzira ndedzimwe dzenzira dzakazvimirira dzinoshandiswa kugadzira hydrogen kuti ishandiswe.

1. Kudzvanywa kweGasi uye Kuchengeterwa: matangi ekuchengetera ari pedyo anochengeta gasi rehydrogen mushure mekunge ranyatsodzvanywa kusvika pakumanikidzwa kwakanyanya (350–700 bar).
2. Kutonhodza Kusati Kwatanga: Kuti pasakuvadzwe nekupisa panguva yekuzadza nekukurumidza, hydrogen inofanira kutonhodzwa kusvika -40°C isati yatanga kubudiswa.

4. Kuisa: Chinhu chakavharwa chinogadzirwa pakati pemudziyo wekuchengetera mota nemuromo wakagadzirwa zvakanaka. Maitiro anodzorwa nokungwarira anochengetedza kumanikidzwa nekupisa kunoita kuti hydrogen ikwanise kupinda mumatangi ekuchengetera mota.

5. Masisitimu Ekuchengetedza: Mabasa akati wandei ekudzivirira, akadai semasisitimu ekudzima moto, kudzora otomatiki kudzima, uye kutarisa kana paine mvura inobuda, zvinovimbisa kuti mashandiro acho akachengeteka.

Mota dzeHydrogen Fuel vs Mota dzeMagetsi

Mafuta ehydrogen ari nani pane emagetsi here?

Izvi zvinoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo ekushandisa. Ne75–90% yemagetsi ari kuchinjwa kuita simba pamavhiri emotokari, mota dzinoshandisa mabhatiri-magetsi dzinowanzova dzakachengeteka kune zvakatipoteredza. Pakati pemakumi mana nemakumi matanhatu muzana yesimba riri muhydrogen rinogona kushandurwa kuita simba rekutyaira remotokari dzinoshandisa hydrogen fuel cell. Zvisinei, maFCEV ane zvakanakira maererano nekushanda zvakanaka munzvimbo dzinotonhora, kurarama kwenguva refu (makiromita mazana matatu kusvika mazana mana patangi), uye nguva yekuwedzera mafuta (maminetsi matatu kusvika mashanu vs. maminetsi makumi matatu zvichikwira ekuchaja nekukurumidza). Kune mota hombe (marori, mabhazi) uko kuwedzera mafuta nekukurumidza uye daro refu zvakakosha, hydrogen inogona kuve yakakodzera.

Mari uye Zvaunofanira Kufunga Nezvekushandisa

Zvinodhura zvakadii kuzadzazve mota yehydrogen?

Parizvino, kuisa mafuta mumota ine hydrogen ine tangi rese (inenge 5–6 kg yehydrogen) kunodhura pakati pemadhora makumi manomwe nemashanu nemadhora zana, izvo zvinoita kuti ikwanise kufamba makiromita mazana matatu kusvika mazana mana. Izvi zvinosvika pamadhora gumi nematanhatu kusvika makumi maviri pakirogiramu imwe neimwe yehydrogen. Mitengo inosiyana zvichienderana nenzvimbo uye inotarisirwa kudzikira sezvo kugadzirwa kuri kuwedzera uye kushandiswa kwehydrogen isingakuvadzi nharaunda. Mamwe matunhu anopa zvidzikiso zvinoderedza mutengo kune vatengi.

Injini yemotokari yakajairika inogona kushanda nehydrogen here?

Kunyangwe zvisiri zvakajairika, mainjini ekupisa echinyakare anogona kugadziriswa kuti ashande pahydrogen. Kutanga usati wabatidza, kuburitsa kwakawanda kwenitrogen oxides, uye matambudziko ekuchengetedza ndezvimwe zvezvinetso izvo mainjini ekupisa emukati mehydrogen anofanira kusangana nazvo nekufamba kwenguva. Nhasi, mota dzinenge dzese dzinoshandisa hydrogen dzinoshandisa tekinoroji yefuel cell, iyo inoshandisa hydrogen neoxygen kubva munharaunda kuitira kugadzira simba rinotyaira mota yemagetsi nemvura chete sechigadzirwa chemarara.

Ndeipi nyika inonyanya kushandisa mafuta ehydrogen?

Nezviteshi zvinodarika 160 zvekuisa hydrogen peturu uye zvirongwa zvikuru zvekuvaka zviteshi mazana mapfumbamwe panosvika gore ra2030, Japan iri kutungamira pasi rose mukushandiswa kwemafuta anogadzirwa nehydrogen. Dzimwe nyika huru dzinosanganisira:

Germany: Zviteshi zvinopfuura zana, uye mazana mana zvakarongwa panosvika gore ra2035

United States: Nezviteshi zvinosvika makumi matanhatu, zvizhinji zvacho muCalifornia

South Korea: kukura nekukurumidza, ne 1,200 zviteshi zvinotarisirwa panosvika 2040

China: Kuisa mari inokosha, nezviteshi zvinopfuura zana zviri kushanda pari zvino

Kukura kweChiteshi Chekuzadza Hydrogen Pasi Pose

Pakazosvika gore ra2023, kwaive nenzvimbo dzinosvika mazana masere dzekuwedzera mafuta ehydrogen pasi rose; panosvika gore ra2030, nhamba iyoyo inofungidzirwa kukura kusvika pazviuru zvishanu. Nekuda kwerubatsiro kubva kuhurumende nevagadziri vakazvipira mukuvandudza maseru emafuta, Europe neAsia zviri pamberi mukuvandudzwa uku.

Kutarisa Zvinhu Zvine Basa Rakawanda: Kuwedzera kwezvivakwa zvehydrogen zvemarori, mabhazi, zvitima, uye mashandisirwo egungwa