KunzwisisaNzvimbo Dzekudira Hydrogen: Gwaro Rakazara

Mafuta ehydrogen ave chinhu chinogamuchirwa sezvo pasi rose riri kuchinja kuenda kumagetsi akachena. Chinyorwa chino chinotaura nezvenzvimbo dzekuisa mafuta ehydrogen, matambudziko adzinosangana nawo, uye mashandisirwo adzo pakufambisa.

Chii chinonzi Hydrogen Refueling Station?

Masero emafuta emotokari dzemagetsi anogona kugamuchira mafuta ehydrogen kubva kunzvimbo dzakatarwa dzinonzi hydrogen refueling stations (HRS). Kunyangwe akagadzirwa kuti ashande nehydrogen, gasi rinoda matanho ekuchengetedza chaiwo uye michina yakakosha, nzvimbo idzi dzakafanana nedzenzvimbo dzegasi dzakajairika.

Sisitimu yekugadzira kana yekuendesa haidrojeni,matangi ekutonhodza nekuchengetedzauyezvinopandiwo zvikamu zvitatu zvikuru zvechiteshi chekudira hydrogen. Hydrogen inogona kuendeswa kunzvimbo yacho nemapaipi kana machubhu trailer, kana kuti inogona kugadzirwa panzvimbo yacho uchishandisa methane reforming nemhepo inopisa kanaelectrolysis kuti ibudiswe.

Zvikamu Zvikuru zveChiteshi Chekuzadza Hydrogen:

l Midziyo yekugadzira kana kutakura hydrogen kuenda kumidziyo

l mayuniti ekudzvanya kuti awedzere kumanikidzwa kwematangi ehydrogen anochengetera hydrogen ine kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya

 

l Dispensers dzine nozzles dzakakosha dzeFCEV

Mabasa ekuchengetedza akaita sekutsvaga mvura inodonha uye kuvharwa kana paine njodzi

Dambudziko guru reHydrogen Fuel nderipi?

Midziyo yekugadzira kana kutakura hydrogen kuenda kumidziyo inomanikidza kuti iwedzere kumanikidzwa kwematangi ehydrogen anochengetera hydrogen ine kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya.dma-ispenser ane mapombi eFCEV akakosha ekuchengetedza akadai sekutsvaga mvura inobuda uye kudzima kana paine njodzi.Mari yekugadzira uye kushandisa simba zvakanaka ndizvo zvinhu zvikuru zviri kusangana nemafuta ehydrogen. Mazuva ano, steam methane reforming—inoshandisa gasi rechisikigo uye inogadzira kabhoni—inoshandiswa kugadzira hydrogen yakawanda. Kunyangwe "hydrogen yakasvibirira" inogadzirwa neelectrolysis ine simba rinogona kudzokororwa yakachena, mutengo wacho uchiri wakakwira zvakanyanya.

Aya ndiwo matambudziko akakosha zvikuru: Kutakurwa neKuchengetwa: Nekuti hydrogen ine simba shoma zvichienderana nehuwandu hwayo, inogona kuomeswa kana kutonhodzwa chete kana paine kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya kwemhepo, zvichikonzera kuomarara uye mari.

Kuvandudzwa kweZvivako: zvinodhura mari yakawanda kuvaka nzvimbo dzakawanda dzekuisa mafuta.

Kurasikirwa Nesimba: Nekuda kwekurasikirwa nesimba panguva yekugadzira, kuderedza, uye kuchinjana, mafekitori emafuta akagadzirwa nehydrogen ane mashandiro mashoma e "kubva-ku-tsime kuenda kuvhiri" kupfuura mota dzemagetsi dzine mabhatiri.

Pasinei nematambudziko aya rutsigiro rwehurumende netsvakiridzo dziri kuenderera mberi zviri kukurudzira budiriro yetekinoroji inogona kuwedzera mukana wekushandisa hydrogen muhupfumi.

Mafuta eHydrogen Ari Nani Pane Emagetsi Here?

Kusarudza pakati pemotokari dzemagetsi dzinoshandisa mabhatiri (BEVs) nemotokari dzinoshandisa hydrogen fuel cells kwakaoma nekuti, zvichibva padambudziko rekushandisa, tekinoroji yega yega ine zvayakanakira.

Chinhu	Mota dzeHydrogen Fuel Cell	Mota dzeMagetsi dzeMabhatiri
Nguva Yokudira Mafuta	Maminitsi 3-5 (akafanana nepeturu)	Maminetsi makumi matatu kusvika kumaawa akati wandei
Range	300-400 mamaira patangi rimwe nerimwe	makiromita 200-300 pachaji imwe neimwe
Zvivakwa	Nzvimbo shoma dzekudira mafuta	Network yekuchaja yakakura
Kushanda Nesimba Zvakanaka	Kushanda zvakanaka kwevhiri kushoma	Kushanda nesimba kwakanyanya
Mashandisirwo	Kutakura zvinhu zvinorema, mota dzinorema	Kufamba netsoka muguta, mota dzakareruka

Mota dzemagetsi dzine mabhatiri dzinobatsira zvakanyanya pakufambisa nekushandisa zuva nezuva mumaguta, nepo mota dzinoshandisa hydrogen dzichishanda zvakanaka pakushandisa zvinoda madaro marefu uye kudira mafuta nekukurumidza, zvakaita semabhazi nemarori.

Pane Zviteshi Zvingani Zvekudira Hydrogen Munyika Yose?

Zviteshi zvinodarika chiuru zvekuwedzera mafuta ehydrogen zvaive zvichishanda pasi rose kubva muna 2026, uye kukura kukuru kucharongwa mumakore anotevera. Kune nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana ukonzvimbo yekudira hydrogenirikutamiswa:

Nepamusoro pe fimazanaZviteshi, Asia inotora musika, kunyanya unosanganisira nyika dzeSouth Korea (zviteshi zvinopfuura zana) neJapan (zviteshi zvinopfuura zana nemakumi matanhatu).musikairi kukura nekukurumidza nekuti hurumende ine zvinangwa zvikuru.

Nezviteshi zvinosvika zana, Germany iri pamberi peEurope, iine zviteshi zvinosvika mazana maviri. Panosvika gore ra2030, European Union inoronga kuwedzera zviteshi kusvika zviuru.

Zviteshi zvinopfuura makumi masere zvine nzvimbo dzekubuditsa terevhizheni kuNorth America, kunyanya kubva kuCalifornia, nezvimwe zvishoma muCanada nenzvimbo iri kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweUnited States.

Nekufungidzira kuri kuratidza kuti panogona kunge paine zviteshi zvinopfuura 5,000 pasi rose panosvika gore ra2030, nyika dzese dzakatanga kushandisa mitemo yakagadzirirwa kukurudzira kuunganidzwa kwezviteshi zvehydrogen.

Sei Hydrogen Fuel Iri Nani Pane Petrol?

Kana tichienzanisa nemafuta echinyakare akagadzirwa nemafuta, mafuta ehydrogen ane zvakanakira zvakawanda zvakasiyana:

Kusvibiswa Kwemhepo: Masero emafuta anoshandiswa nehydrogen anodzivirira kusvibiswa kwemhepo kunokuvadza kunokonzera kusvibiswa kwemhepo uye kudziya kwekupisa kuburikidza nekugadzira utsi hwemvura semhedzisiro.

Kudiwa kweGreen Energy: Kutenderera kwesimba rakachena kunogona kugadzirwa nekugadzira hydrogen uchishandisa zvinhu zvakasikwa zvakaita sezuva nesimba remhepo.

Kuchengetedzwa Kwesimba: kugadzirwa kwehydrogen munyika kubva kunzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana kunoderedza kuvimba nepeturu yekune dzimwe nyika.

Kushanda Kwakanaka Kwazvo: Kana tichienzanisa nemotokari dzinoshandisa injini dzinopisa peturu, mota dzinoshandisa mafuta dzinoshanda zvakapetwa kaviri kana katatu kupfuura mota dzinoshandisa mafuta.

Mabasa Akanyarara: Nekuti mota dzehydrogen dzinoshanda zvakanaka, dzinoderedza kusvibiswa kweruzha mumaguta.

Mabhenefiti egirini ehydrogen anoita kuti ive sarudzo inokwezva yekutsiva mafuta mukuchinjana kuenda kune kutakurwa kwakachena, zvisinei nematambudziko ekugadzira nekufambisa achiri kuoneka.

Zvinotora Nguva Yakadini Kuvaka Nzvimbo Yekudira Hydrogen?

Nguva yekuvaka kwenzvimbo yekudira hydrogen inoenderana zvakanyanya nezvinhu zvakawanda zvakaita sehukuru hwenzvimbo yacho, nzvimbo yekushanda, mitemo yekubvumidza, uye kana hydrogen iri kupihwa kana kugadzirwa panzvimbo yacho.

Kune zviteshi zvishoma zvine zvikamu zvakagadzirwa kare uye zvakaderedzwa, purogiramu yakajairika inongoitwa mukati memwedzi mitanhatu negumi nemiviri.

Kune zviteshi zvikuru uye zvakaoma zvine nzvimbo dzekugadzira panzvimbo yacho, zvinotora mwedzi gumi nemiviri kusvika makumi maviri nemana.

Zvinhu zvinotevera ndizvo zvinhu zvakakosha zvine chekuita nenguva yekuvaka: kusarudza nzvimbo uye kuronga

Mvumo nemvumo zvinodiwa

Kutsvaga nekupa michina

Kuvaka nekugadzirisa

Kugadzira uye kuongorora kuchengetedzeka

Kuiswa kwezviteshi zvemagetsi zvehydrogen kwava kushanda zvakanyanya nekuda kwekufambira mberi kutsva mukugadzira zviteshi zvemodular izvo zvakaderedza nguva yekugadzira.

Magetsi akawanda sei anobva ku 1 kg yeHydrogen?

Kushanda kwesystem yemafuta kunoenderana nehuwandu hwemagetsi anogona kugadzirwa uchishandisa kilogiramu imwe chete yehydrogen. Mukushandiswa kwezuva nezuva:

Kirogiramu imwe chete yehydrogen inogona kupa simba mota inoshandiswa nemasero emafuta kwemakiromita angangoita 60-70.

Kilogiramu imwe chete yehydrogen ine simba rinosvika 33.6 kWh.

Kirogiramu imwe chete yehydrogen inogona kugadzira magetsi angangoita 15–20 kWh ayo anogona kushandiswa mushure mekunge masero emafuta akavimbika (kazhinji 40–60%) aonekwa.

Kuti tinzwisise izvi, mhuri yeAmerica inoshandisa magetsi anoda kusvika makumi matatu kWh pazuva, zvichiratidza kuti, kana ikashandiswa zvakanaka, 2 kg yehydrogen inogona kushanda pamba kwezuva rimwe chete.

Kushanda Nesimba Rekushandura:

Mota dzinofambiswa nehydrogen fuel cells dzinowanzova ne "well-to-wheel efficiency" iri pakati pe25–35%, nepo mota dzemagetsi dzemabhatiri dzinowanzova nekushanda kwe70–90%. Kurasikirwa nesimba mukugadzirwa kwehydrogen, decompression, transportation, uye fuel cell conversion ndizvo zvikuru zvinokonzera musiyano uyu.