Kunzwisisa mutsauko, mashandisirwo, uye ramangwana reLNG neCNG muindasitiri yesimba iri kusimukira
Chii chiri nani LNG kana CNG?
"Zvirinani" zvinoenderana zvachose nekushandiswa kuri kushandiswa. LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas), iri mvura iri pa -162°C, isimba rakanyanya kusimba, zvichiita kuti ive yakakwana kumotokari dzekufambisa dzinoenda kure, ngarava, nezvitima. izvo zvinoda kuva nedaro refu rinobvira. Zvifambiso zvechinhambwe semataxi, mabhazi, uye marori madiki akakodzera gasi remusikirwo (CNG), iro rinogona kuchengetwa segasi riri pasi pekumanikidzwa kukuru uye rine simba remagetsi rakaderera. Sarudzo inotsamira pakuwana chiyero chakakodzera pakati pekuwanikwa kwezvivakwa uye huwandu hunodiwa.
Ndedzipi mota dzinogona kumhanya paCNG?
Rudzi urwu rwemafuta rwaigona kushandiswa mumotokari dzakagadzirwa kana kuti dzakashandurwa kuti dzishande pagasi rechisikigo rinomanikidzwa (CNG). Kushandiswa kwakajairika kweCNG kunosanganisira zvikepe zvemuguta, matekisi, marori ekubvisa marara, uye zvifambiso zveguta (mabhazi). Mota dzeCNG dzakagadzirwa nefekitari dzinopihwawo mota zhinji dzevafambi, senge shanduro chaiyo yeHonda Civic kana Toyota Camry. Pamusoro pezvo, makiti ekushandura anogona kushandiswa kugadzirisa mota dzakawanda dzine injini dzepeturu kuti dzimhanye mune ese-mafuta (peturu/CNG) modhi, ichipa kuchinjika uye kuchengetedza pamitengo.
LNG inogona kushandiswa mumotokari?
Kunyangwe zvichigoneka mudzidziso, hazvina kujairika uye hazvigoneke kune dzakajairwa mota. Kuti uchengetedze fomu remvura iro -162 ° C, LNG inoda yakaoma, inodhura-inodhura matangi ekuchengetedza cryogenic. Aya masisitimu akakura, anodhura, uye haakodzere mota diki dzekufamba 'ishoma nzvimbo yemukati. Mazuva ano, marori ane simba, marefu marefu uye dzimwe mota hombe dzekutengesa dzine nzvimbo yematangi mahombe uye kugona kuwana mabhenefiti kubva kurefu refu yeLNG ndidzo chete mota dzinoshandisa.
Ndezvipi zvisingabatsiri zveCNG sehuni?
CNG chakanyanya kusaipira huwandu hwayo hushoma hwekutyaira kana uchienzaniswa nedhiziri kana peturu uye ine mashoma hurongwa hwezviteshi zvekuwedzera mafuta, kunyanya munyika dzichiri kusimukira. Nekuti matangi eCNG akakura uye anorema, anowanzo kutora nzvimbo yakawanda yekutakura, kunyanya mumotokari dzevafambi. Mukuwedzera, motokari dzinowanzoita mari yakawanda kutenga kana kushandura pakutanga. Pamusoro pezvo, nguva dzekuwedzera peturu dzakarebesa kupfuura nemafuta emvura, uye kushanda kunogona kudzikira zvishoma pane neinjini dzakafanana dzinofambiswa nepeturu.
Mangani maCNG ekuzadza zviteshi aripo muNigeria?
Nzira yeNigeria yeCNG yemafuta ekufambisa mafuta ichiri kugadzirwa kubva kutanga kwa 2024. Mishumo ichangoburwa kubva kuindasitiri inoratidza kuti kuchine zviteshi zvishoma zveveruzhinji zveCNG zviri kushanda nemafungidziro anotangira pagumi kusvika makumi maviri. Zvizhinji zveizvi zviri mumaguta makuru seLagos neAbuja. Nekudaro, mumakore anotevera, huwandu uhu huchakwira nekukurumidza nekuda kwe "Gas Development Project" yehurumende inotsigira gasi rechisikigo sechinhu chinodhura uye chinochengetedza nharaunda simba rekufambisa.
Ndeipi hupenyu hwetangi yeCNG?
CNG matangi ane nguva yakaoma yekushandiswa, iyo inowanzo ratidzwa nezuva rekushandiswa kubva panguva yekugadzirwa panzvimbo yemakumi emakore. Nhamba huru yemitemo yenyika uye yepasirese inoda kuti matangi eCNG, angave akagadzirwa nezvinhu zvekugadzira kana simbi, ave nehupenyu hwemakore gumi nemashanu kusvika makumi maviri. pasinei nemamiriro ezvinhu ari pachena, tangi inoda kugadziriswa mushure mechinguva kuti ive nechokwadi chekuchengetedza. Sechikamu chezvirongwa zvekugadzirisa nguva dzose, matangi anodawo kuti hunhu hwawo huongororwe nekutarisa kwekuona uye kuyedzwa kwekumanikidza nguva nenguva.
Chii chiri nani, LPG kana CNG?
Ose ari maviri eCNG kana LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) mamwe emafuta mamwe ane akakosha maficha. Kuenzaniswa neLPG (propane/butane), iyo inorema kupfuura mhepo uye inokwanisa kuvaka, CNG, iyo inonyanya kuve methane, yakatetepa kupfuura mhepo uye inoparara nekukurumidza kana ikaputsika. Nekuti CNG inopisa zvakanyanya, inosiya mashoma madhipoziti muzvikamu zveinjini. LPG, kune rumwe rutivi, ine yakawedzera kudzika uye yakawedzera kukwirisa pasirese system, kuwanda kwesimba, uye nani renji. Iyi sarudzo inowanzokanganiswa nemutengo wemafuta munharaunda ino, nhamba dzemotokari, uye hurongwa hwekutsigira huripo.
Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati peLNG neCNG?
Mamiriro avo emuviri uye nzira dzekuchengetedza dzine umo misiyano huru inoitika. Iyo yakadzvanywa gasi rechisikigo, kana CNG, inoramba iri mumamiriro egasi pakumanikidzwa kwakanyanya (kazhinji 200-250 bar). LNG, kana kuti liquefied natural gas, igasi rinogadzirwa nekudzikisa gasi rechisikigo kusvika -162°C, rinorishandura kuita mvura uye rinoderedza huwandu hwariinaro kanoda kuita 600. Nekuda kweizvi, LNG ine huwandu hwakakura hwesimba kupfuura CNG, iyo inoita kuti ive yakakodzera yekufambisa daro refu uko kutsungirira kwakakosha. Nekudaro, inoda inodhura uye inodhura cryogenic yekuchengetedza michina.
Chii chinangwa cheLNG tank?
Iyo yakanyanya kujeka cryogenic yekuchengetedza mudziyo itangi reLNG. Chinangwa chikuru kudzikisa boil-off gasi (BOG) nekuchengeta LNG iri mumvura patembiricha yakadzikira padyo ne -162°C. Aya matangi ane dhizaini yakaoma-yemadziro maviri ane yakakwirira-inoshanda insulation pakati pemadziro uye vacuum mukati. LNG inogona kuchengetwa uye kufambiswa madaro marefu uchishandisa marori, ngarava, uye nzvimbo dzakamira dzekuchengetera dzine kukuvara kushoma nekuda kwedhizaini iyi.
Chii chinonzi CNG chiteshi?
Nzvimbo yakasarudzika inopa mafuta emotokari dzinofambiswa neCNG inonzi CNG station. Gasi remusikirwo rinowanzo kutakurwa kuenda kwairi nekudzvinyirirwa kwakaderera neiyo yakavakidzana yekufambisa system. Zvichitevera izvozvo, gasi iri rinocheneswa, kutonhodzwa, uye kudzvanywa mumatanho akawanda uchishandisa macompressor akasimba kuti awane kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya (pakati pe200 ne250 bar). Mapombi ekuchengetera ane mapopoma emvura anoshandiswa kubata yakanyanyisa-kudzvanywa gasi. kana zvichienzaniswa nekuwedzera mafuta nemafuta, asi uchishandisa gasi repamusoro-kudzvanywa, gasi rinounzwa kubva kumabhangi ekuchengetera aya richipinda mumotokari mukati meCNG tank uchishandisa yakakosha dispenser.
Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati peLNG uye gasi rakajairwa?
Iyo mafuta inowanzonzi "yakajairika" gasi. Liquefied natural gas methane, kana LNG, igasi rechisikigo risingakuvadzi rakaiswa mudura nemusanganiswa wemahydrocarbon akasiyana anonzi mafuta anogadzirwa kubva muoiri yakacheneswa kana ichienzaniswa nepeturu, LNG inogadzira zvinhu zvisingakuvadzi zvakanyanya (senge nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur oxides, uye CO2 yemvura inopisa zvinhu. Kusiyana nehurongwa hweLNG huchiri kusimukira, peturu ine huwandu hwesimba pahuwandu uye inonakidzwa nemabhenefiti eiyo yakagadziridzwa pasi rose yekuwedzera mafuta network.
Kuenzanisa Tafura
| Hunhu | LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) | CNG (Gasi Rakasikwa rakadzvanywa) |
| Physical State | Liquid | Gaseous |
| Energy Density | High High | Pakati |
| Primary Applications | Marori anorema, Ngarava, Zvitima | Mabhazi, Taxi, Chiedza-basa mota |
| Infrastructure | Specialized cryogenic stations, zvishoma zvakajairika | Zviteshi zvekuzadza, network inowedzera |
| Range Kugona | Kureba-refu | Pakati nepakati-pfupi |
| Storage Pressure | Low pressure (asi inoda tembiricha ye cryogenic) | High pressure (200-250 bar) |
Mhedziso
Mushanduko yekuchenesa simba, LNG neCNG mhinduro dzinobatsira pane kukwikwidza zvigadzirwa. Kwemadaro marefu, kutakura kwakakomba, umo iyo yakakwira density yesimba rayo inopa huwandu hunodiwa, LNG ndiyo yakanakisa sarudzo. Nekune rimwe divi, CNG imhinduro inoshanda uye inoziva zvakatipoteredza kumabhizinesi nemaguta ane marori anorema anofanirwa kufamba pane shoma. Mafuta ese ari maviri achave akakosha mukuvandudza shanduko yesimba, kucheka kuburitsa kabhoni, uye kudzikisa mutengo wemafuta mumisika iri kukura seNigeria. Marudzi chaiwo emota, mashandiro, uye kuvandudzwa kwemasevhisi emunharaunda zvese zvinofanirwa kutorwa nekungwarira pakusarudza pakati pazvo.
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-12-2025
